1(2)

Nkhani

Miyambo ya Khirisimasi ndi yotani?Kodi Khirisimasi imakondwerera bwanji m’mayiko osiyanasiyana?

Miyambo ya Khirisimasi

M'malingaliro a anthu ambiri, Khrisimasi ndi tchuthi chachikondi chokhala ndi matalala, Santa Claus, ndi mphalapala.Khirisimasi imakondwerera m’mayiko ambiri, koma lililonse lili ndi njira yake.Masiku ano, tiyeni tione mmene anthu padziko lonse amakondwerera Khirisimasi.

Phwando la Khrisimasi

Khrisimasi ndi chochitika chofunikira mdziko la mabanja, maphwando a abwenzi ndi okonda, nthawi yaubwenzi, banja ndi chikondi.Nthawi yovala zipewa za Khrisimasi, kuyimba nyimbo za Khrisimasi ndikulankhula za zofuna zanu za Khrisimasi.

 

 

Khrisimasi

Chakudya cha Khrisimasi

Khirisimasi ndi chikondwerero chachikulu ndipo simungapite molakwika ndi chakudya chabwino.M'masiku akale, anthu amatha kupanga okha mu uvuni wa microwave, koma masiku ano anthu nthawi zambiri amadya m'malesitilanti komanso mabizinesi amapezerapo mwayi wopeza ndalama kuchokera kwa makasitomala awo, ndipo ndithudi, pali zakudya zambiri za Khrisimasi, monga. gingerbread ndi maswiti.

Chakudya cha Khrisimasi

Chipewa cha Khrisimasi

Ndi chipewa chofiira, ndipo akuti komanso kugona bwino ndi kutentha usiku, tsiku lotsatira mudzapeza mphatso yochulukirapo kuchokera kwa wokondedwa wanu mu chipewa.Pausiku wa carnival ndi nyenyezi yawonetsero ndipo kulikonse kumene mungapite, mudzawona mitundu yonse ya zipewa zofiira, zina zokhala ndi nsonga zonyezimira ndi zina zonyezimira zagolide.

 

Chipewa cha Khrisimasi

Mitengo ya Khrisimasi

M’masiku oyambirira, inali masokosi aakulu ofiira, aakulu monga momwe akanakhalira chifukwa masitonkeni a Khirisimasi anayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphatso, chinthu chimene ana amachikonda kwambiri, ndipo usiku ankapachika masitonkeni awo pambali pa mabedi awo, kuyembekezera kulandira. mphatso zawo m'mawa mwake.Bwanji ngati wina akupatsani galimoto yaing’ono pa Khirisimasi?Ndiye ndi bwino kumufunsa kuti alembe cheke ndikuyiyika mu stocking.

Zovala za Khrisimasi

Khadi la Khrisimasi

Awa ndi makadi a moni a Khirisimasi ndi Chaka Chatsopano, okhala ndi zithunzi za nkhani ya kubadwa kwa Yesu ndi mawu akuti “Khrisimasi Yachimwemwe ndi Chaka Chatsopano”.

Khrisimasi khadi

Father Christmas

Akuti anali bishopu wa Pera ku Asia Minor, wotchedwa Nicholas Woyera, ndipo pambuyo pa imfa yake analemekezedwa monga woyera mtima, nkhalamba ya ndevu zoyera atavala mkanjo wofiira ndi chipewa chofiira.

Khrisimasi iliyonse amabwera kuchokera kumpoto atakwera ngolo yokokedwa ndi nswala ndipo amalowa m'nyumba ndi chumney kukapachika mphatso za Khrisimasi m'masitonkeni pa mabedi a ana kapena pamoto.Chotero, kaamba ka Krisimasi Kumaiko Akumadzulo, makolo amaika mphatso za Khrisimasi kaamba ka ana awo m’masitonkeni ndi kuzipachika pakama za ana awo pa Madzulo a Khirisimasi.Chinthu choyamba chimene ana amachita akadzuka mawa lake ndi kuyang’ana mphatso zochokera kwa Father Christmas pakama pawo.Masiku ano, Father Christmas wakhala chizindikiro cha mwayi ndipo ndi wofunika kwambiri osati pa Khirisimasi yokha komanso pokondwerera Chaka Chatsopano.

640 (4)

Mtengo wa Khrisimasi

Akuti mlimi wina analandira mwana wanjala ndi wozizira pa Khrisimasi ya chipale chofewa ndikumupatsa chakudya chabwino cha Khrisimasi.Mwanayo anathyola nthambi ya mtengo wa mkungudza n’kuiika pansi pamene ankatsanzika n’kukhumbira kuti, “Tsiku lino la chaka lidzadzaza ndi mphatso, choka m’mudzi wokongolawu kuti ubweze chifundo chako.Mwanayo atachoka, mlimiyo anapeza kuti nthambiyo yasanduka kamtengo ndipo anazindikira kuti walandira mthenga wochokera kwa Mulungu.Kenako nkhani imeneyi inakhala gwero la mtengo wa Khirisimasi.Kumayiko a Kumadzulo, kaya ndi Akristu kapena ayi, mtengo wa Khirisimasi umakonzedwa kuti ukhale wa Khirisimasi kuti uwonjezere chisangalalo.Mtengowo nthawi zambiri umapangidwa ndi mtengo wobiriwira nthawi zonse, monga mkungudza, kusonyeza kutalika kwa moyo.Mtengowo umakongoletsedwa ndi magetsi ndi makandulo osiyanasiyana, maluwa amitundumitundu, zoseweretsa, ndi nyenyezi, ndipo amapachikidwa ndi mphatso zosiyanasiyana za Khirisimasi.Usiku wa Khirisimasi, anthu amasonkhana mozungulira mtengowo kuti aziimba ndi kuvina, ndi kusangalala.

Mtengo wa Khrisimasi

Mphatso Zachikondwerero cha Khrisimasi

Mphatso yoperekedwa kwa positi kapena wantchito pa nthawi ya Khrisimasi, nthawi zambiri m'bokosi laling'ono, motero amatchedwa "Bokosi la Khrisimasi".

Mphatso za Khirisimasi

Kodi mayiko amakondwerera bwanji Khirisimasi?

1.Khirisimasi ku England

Khrisimasi ku UK ndi chikondwerero chachikulu kwambiri ku UK komanso Kumadzulo konse.Monga Chaka Chatsopano cha China, Tsiku la Khrisimasi ku UK ndi tchuthi chapagulu, zoyendera za anthu onse monga chubu ndi masitima apamtunda anayima komanso anthu ochepa m'misewu.

Anthu a ku Britain amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chakudya pa Tsiku la Khrisimasi, ndipo zakudya zimaphatikizapo nkhumba zowotcha, Turkey, pudding ya Khirisimasi, mince pies, ndi zina zotero.

Kupatula kudya, chinthu chotsatira chofunikira kwambiri kwa a Britain pa Khrisimasi ndikupereka mphatso.Pa Khrisimasi, aliyense m’banjamo anapatsidwa mphatso, monganso antchito, ndipo mphatso zonse zinkaperekedwa m’maŵa wa Khirisimasi.Pali oimba nyimbo za Khrisimasi amene amapita khomo ndi khomo akuimba mbiri yabwino ndipo amaitanidwa kulowa m’nyumba ndi owacherezawo kuti agaŵidwe zotsitsimula kapena kupatsidwa mphatso zazing’ono.

Ku UK, Khrisimasi sichitha popanda kudumpha kwa Khrisimasi, ndipo Lachisanu Khrisimasi isanachitike chaka chilichonse, anthu aku Britain amapanga tsiku lapadera la Khrisimasi Jumper kwa odumpha Khrisimasi.
(Tsiku la Khrisimasi tsopano ndi chochitika chapachaka chachifundo ku UK, choyendetsedwa ndi Save the Children International, bungwe lopanda phindu lomwe limalimbikitsa anthu kuvala majumpha opangidwa ndi Khrisimasi kuti apeze ndalama zothandizira ana.

Khirisimasi ku England
Khirisimasi ku England
Khirisimasi ku England
Khirisimasi ku England

2. Khirisimasi ku United States

Chifukwa chakuti United States ndi dziko la mitundu yambiri, anthu a ku America amakondwerera Khirisimasi m’njira yovuta kwambiri.Madzulo a Khrisimasi, amagogomezera kwambiri zokongoletsera zapakhomo, kuyika mitengo ya Khrisimasi, kuyika masitonkeni ndi mphatso, kudya chakudya chamadzulo cha Khrisimasi cha Turkey, ndikuchita magule abanja.

Mipingo ku USA imakondwerera Khrisimasi ndi mapemphero, zisudzo zazikulu ndi zazing'ono, masewero opatulika, nkhani za m'Baibulo, ndi nyimbo.

Njira yodziwika bwino yodyera ndikuphika nyama ya Turkey ndi ham ndi masamba osavuta monga kabichi, katsitsumzukwa, ndi supu.Chipale chofewa chikugwa kunja kwawindo, aliyense amakhala pafupi ndi moto ndipo chakudya cha Khirisimasi cha ku America chimaperekedwa.

Mabanja ambiri a ku America ali ndi bwalo, choncho amakongoletsa ndi magetsi ndi zokongoletsera.Misewu yambiri imakongoletsedwa ndi chisamaliro ndi chidwi ndipo imakhala zokopa kuti anthu aziwona.Malo akuluakulu ogulitsa ndi malo osangalatsa amakhala ndi miyambo yowunikira kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yomwe magetsi amapita pamtengo wa Khrisimasi ndiye kuti zikondwerero zapachaka zimayamba.

Ku USA, mphatso zimasinthidwa pa Khrisimasi, ndipo ndikofunikira kukonzekera mphatso za banja, makamaka kwa ana, omwe ali otsimikiza za kukhalapo kwa Father Christmas.

Khirisimasi isanafike, makolo amapempha ana awo kulemba mndandanda wa zinthu zimene akufuna Santa, kuphatikizapo mphatso zimene angafune kulandira chaka chino, ndipo ndandanda imeneyi ndiyo maziko oti makolo azigulira mphatso ana awo.

Mabanja amwambo amakonzekeretsa Santa mkaka ndi masikono, ndipo makolo amamwerera mkaka ndi mabisiketi angapo ana atagona, ndipo tsiku lotsatira anawo amadzuka podabwa kuti Santa wabwera.

Khirisimasi ku United States
Khirisimasi ku United States
Khirisimasi ku United States
Khirisimasi ku United States

3. Khrisimasi ku Canada

Kuyambira Novembala kupita m'tsogolo, ziwonetsero za Khrisimasi zimachitikira ku Canada.Chimodzi mwa ziwonetsero zotchuka kwambiri ndi Toronto Santa Claus Parade, yomwe yakhala ikuchitikira ku Toronto kwa zaka zoposa 100 ndipo ndi imodzi mwa zochitika zazikulu kwambiri za Khirisimasi za Atate ku North America.Paradeyi imakhala ndi zoyandama, magulu, ziwombankhanga, ndi anthu odzipereka ovala zovala.

Anthu aku Canada amakonda kwambiri mitengo ya Khrisimasi monga momwe aku China amakondera mipukutu ya Chaka Chatsopano cha China komanso zilembo zamwayi.Mwambo wowunikira mtengo wa Khrisimasi umachitika chaka chilichonse Khrisimasi isanachitike.Mtengo wautali wa mamita 100 ukuwala ndi nyali zamitundumitundu ndipo n’zochititsa chidwi kuona!

Ngati Lachisanu Lachisanu ndilo tchuthi lopambana kwambiri chaka chilichonse ku US, pali awiri ku Canada!Imodzi ndi Black Friday ndipo ina ndi Boxing Day.

Tsiku la Boxing, chipwirikiti chogula zinthu pambuyo pa Khrisimasi, ndi tsiku lotsika mtengo kwambiri ku Canada ndipo ndi mtundu wapaintaneti wa Double 11. Chaka chatha ku Toronto's O'Reilly, msika usanatsegulidwe 6 am, panali mzere wautali kutsogolo. a zitseko, ndi anthu ngakhale kupanga mizere usiku ndi mahema;pamene zitseko zinatsegulidwa, ogula anayamba kuthamanga mamita 100 ali ndi mphamvu, ndi gulu lankhondo lofanana ndi la ama Chinese.Mwachidule, m’malo onse aakulu ogulira zinthu, monga mmene maso angawonere, pali unyinji wa anthu;ngati mukufuna kugula chinachake, muyenera kukhala pamzere ndi mzere ndi mzere.

Khirisimasi ku Canada
Khirisimasi ku Canada

4. Khrisimasi ku Germany

Banja lililonse lokhulupirira ku Germany lili ndi mtengo wa Khirisimasi, ndipo mitengo ya Khirisimasi inali yoyamba kupezeka ku Germany.Mitengo ya Khrisimasi ndi Advent ndizofunikira kwambiri ku nyengo ya chikondwerero cha Germany.Ndipotu, akatswiri ambiri a mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti mwambo wa mabanja kuvala mitengo ya Khirisimasi unayambira ku Germany.

Mkate wa Khrisimasi Wachikhalidwe waku Germany

5. Khrisimasi ku France

Khirisimasi ku Germany
Khirisimasi ku Germany

Kumayambiriro kwa masabata a Khirisimasi, mabanja amayamba kukongoletsa nyumba zawo ndi miphika ya maluwa ndipo nthawi zambiri, 'Father Christmas' yonyamula mtolo waukulu imapachikidwa pawindo kusonyeza kuti amithenga a Khirisimasi adzabweretsa mphatso kwa ana.Mabanja ambiri amagula mtengo wa paini kapena holly ndikupachika zokongoletsera zofiira ndi zobiriwira panthambi zokha, kuzimanga ndi nyali zamitundu mitundu ndi nthiti ndikuyika 'kerubi' kapena nyenyezi yasiliva pamwamba pa mtengo.Asanagone Madzulo a Khrisimasi, amaika masitonkeni awo atsopano pachovala kapena kutsogolo kwa bedi lawo ndipo akadzuka mawa lake, amalandira mphatso m’sitoko yawo, imene anawo amakhulupirira kuti iyenera kuperekedwa kwa iwo. ndi “agogo awo a chipewa chofiira” pamene anali mtulo.

Banja lachifalansa 'Chakudya cha Khrisimasi' ndi lolemera kwambiri, kuyambira ndi mabotolo angapo a shampeni yabwino ndipo nthawi zambiri, zokometsera zochepa, zomwe zimadyedwa ndikumwa pazakudya zazing'ono, nyama zosuta, ndi tchizi.Maphunziro akuluakulu ndiye ovuta kwambiri, monga pan-fried foie gras ndi vinyo wa doko;kusuta nsomba, oyster, prawns, etc. ndi vinyo woyera;nyama yanyama, masewera, kapena chopsya mwanawankhosa, etc. ndi vinyo wofiira, mwachibadwa;ndipo vinyo wapambuyo pa chakudya nthawi zambiri amakhala whiskey kapena burande.

Wachifalansa wachikulire wamkulu, pa Khrisimasi, pafupifupi nthawi zonse amapita ku misa pakati pausiku kutchalitchi.Pambuyo pake, banja limapita pamodzi ku nyumba ya mbale kapena mlongo wokwatiwa wamkulu kukadyanso chakudya chamadzulo.Pamsonkhanowu, nkhani zofunika za m’banja zimakambidwa, koma pakagwa mikangano ya m’banja, amayanjanitsidwa, kotero kuti Khirisimasi ndi nthaŵi yachifundo ku France.Pa Khrisimasi yaku France yamasiku ano, chokoleti ndi vinyo ndizofunikira.

6. Khirisimasi ku Netherlands

Khirisimasi ku France
Khirisimasi ku France

Patsikuli, Sinterklaas (St Nicholas) amayendera banja lililonse lachi Dutch ndikuwapatsa mphatso.Monga mphatso zambiri za Khrisimasi zimasinthidwa pamwambo usiku womwe usanachitike St Nicholas, masiku otsiriza a nyengo ya zikondwerero amakondweretsedwa mwauzimu kuposa zakuthupi ndi A Dutch.

Khirisimasi ku Netherlands

7. Khirisimasi ku Ireland

Monga maiko ambiri akumadzulo, Khrisimasi ndiye tchuthi chofunikira kwambiri pachaka ku Ireland, pomwe pali nthawi yopumira ya Khrisimasi ya theka la mwezi kuchokera pa Disembala 24 mpaka 6 Januware, pomwe masukulu amatsekedwa pafupifupi milungu itatu ndipo mabizinesi ambiri amatsekedwa mpaka chaka chimodzi. sabata.

Turkey ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pausiku wa Khrisimasi.Chakudya chamadzulo cha Khrisimasi cha ku Ireland nthawi zambiri chimayamba ndi supu ya nsomba yosuta kapena prawns;nyama yowotcha (kapena tsekwe) ndi ham ndiye njira yayikulu, yoperekedwa ndi mkate wothira, mbatata yowotcha, mbatata yosenda, msuzi wa kiranberi, kapena msuzi wa buledi;kawirikawiri, masamba ndi kale, koma masamba ena monga udzu winawake, kaloti, nandolo, ndi broccoli amaperekedwanso;mchere nthawi zambiri amakhala pudding ya Khrisimasi yokhala ndi batala wa brandy kapena msuzi wa vinyo, mince pie kapena keke ya Khrisimasi yodulidwa.Kumapeto kwa chakudya chamadzulo cha Khrisimasi, anthu aku Ireland amasiya mkate ndi mkaka patebulo ndikusiya nyumba yosakhoma ngati chizindikiro cha mwambo wawo wochereza alendo.

Anthu a ku Ireland nthawi zambiri amaluka nkhata za nthambi za holly kuti zipachike pazitseko zawo kapena kuika timitengo ta holly patebulo ngati chokongoletsera.Mwambo wa Khirisimasi wopachika nkhata ya holly pakhomo kwenikweni umachokera ku Ireland.

M'mayiko ambiri, zokongoletsera zimatsitsidwa pambuyo pa Khrisimasi, koma ku Ireland, zimasungidwa mpaka pa Januware 6, pomwe Epiphany (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti 'Khirisimasi Yaing'ono') imakondwerera.

8. Khrisimasi ku Austria

Kwa ana ambiri ku Austria, Khrisimasi mwina ndi tchuthi chowopsa kwambiri pachaka.

Patsiku lino, chiwanda cha Kambus, chovala ngati theka-munthu, theka-nyama, chikuwonekera m'misewu kuti chiwopsyeze ana, chifukwa malinga ndi nthano za ku Austria, pa Khirisimasi St Nicholas amapereka mphatso ndi maswiti kwa ana abwino, pamene chiwanda Kambus. amalanga amene alibe khalidwe.

Pamene Cambus anapeza mwana woipa kwambiri, ankamunyamula, kumuika m’chikwama ndi kubwerera naye kuphanga lake kuti akadye chakudya chamadzulo cha Khrisimasi.

Kotero pa tsiku lino, ana a ku Austria amamvera kwambiri, chifukwa palibe amene akufuna kutengedwa ndi Kampus.

Khirisimasi ku Ireland
Khirisimasi ku Ireland
Khirisimasi ku Ireland

9. Khrisimasi ku Norway

Mwambo wobisa matsache asanafike Khrisimasi unayamba zaka mazana ambiri pamene anthu a ku Norway ankakhulupirira kuti mfiti ndi ziwanda zimatuluka usiku wa Khirisimasi kuti zipeze matsache ndi kuchita zoipa, choncho mabanja ankawabisa kuti aletse mfiti ndi ziwanda kuchita zoipa.

Mpaka lero, anthu ambiri amabisa matsache awo pamalo otetezeka kwambiri a nyumba, ndipo ichi chasanduka mwambo wosangalatsa wa Khirisimasi wa ku Norway.

Khirisimasi ku Norway

10. Khrisimasi ku Australia

Khirisimasi ku Austria
Khirisimasi ku Austria

Khrisimasi ku Australia ndi yapaderanso chifukwa imabweretsa zithunzi zamasiku achisanu achisanu, mitengo ya Khrisimasi yokongoletsedwa mwaulemerero, nyimbo za Khrisimasi kutchalitchi, ndi zina zambiri.

Koma Khrisimasi ku Australia ndi chinthu chinanso - kuwala kwadzuwa kotentha, magombe ofewa, madera akumidzi, ndi nkhalango zowirira, Great Barrier Reef yomwe imapezeka ku Australia kokha, ma kangaroo ndi koalas apadera, ndi Gold Coast yodabwitsa.

Disembala 25 ndi nthawi yatchuthi yachilimwe ndipo Khrisimasi ku Australia imakonda kuchitikira panja.Chochitika chodziwika kwambiri pa Khrisimasi ndikuyimba ndi kuyatsa kandulo.Anthu amasonkhana madzulo kuti ayatse makandulo ndikuimba nyimbo za Khirisimasi kunja.Nyenyezi zonyezimira mumlengalenga usiku zimawonjezera kukhudza kwachikondi ku konsati yodabwitsayi.

Ndipo kupatula ku Turkey, chakudya chofala kwambiri cha Khrisimasi ndi phwando la nsomba zam'madzi za nkhanu ndi nkhanu.Patsiku la Khrisimasi, anthu ku Australia amasambira mafunde ndikuimba nyimbo za Khrisimasi, ndipo sangakhale osangalala!

Tonse tikudziwa kuti chithunzithunzi chamwambo cha Father Christmas chavala malaya ofiira owala owala ndi ubweya woyera ndi nsapato zakuda za m’ntchafu akupereka mphatso kwa ana mumlengalenga mwa chipale chofewa.Koma ku Australia, kumene Khrisimasi imagwera m'nyengo yachilimwe, Father Christmas yemwe mumatha kuwawona ndi munthu wamfupi, womenyedwa akuthamanga pa bolodi.Mukayenda pansi pagombe lililonse la ku Australia m'mawa kwambiri pa Khrisimasi, nthawi zambiri mumapeza munthu m'modzi yemwe ali ndi chipewa chofiira cha Santa pamafunde.

11. Khrisimasi ku Japan

Ngakhale kuti ndi dziko la Kum’maŵa, anthu a ku Japan amakonda kwambiri Khirisimasi.Pamene kuli kwakuti maiko a Kumadzulo amawotcha turkey ndi gingerbread pa Khrisimasi, ku Japan mwambo wa Khrisimasi ndi wakuti mabanja azipita ku KFC!

Chaka chilichonse, masitolo a KFC ku Japan amapereka mapepala osiyanasiyana a Khrisimasi, ndipo panthawi ino ya chaka, KFC Grandpa, yomwe yasinthidwa kukhala Father Christmas wachifundo komanso waubwenzi, amapereka madalitso kwa anthu.

Khirisimasi ku Japan

12. China Khrisimasi yapadera: kudya maapulo pa Khrisimasi

Khirisimasi ku Australia
Khirisimasi ku Australia
Khirisimasi ku Australia

Tsiku la Khrisimasi lisanafike limadziwika kuti Eva.Mawu achi China oti "apulo" ndi ofanana ndi "ping", kutanthauza "mtendere ndi chitetezo", motero "apulo" akuyimira "chipatso chamtendere".Umu ndi momwe Madzulo a Khrisimasi adayambira.

Khirisimasi si holide yofunika yokha komanso chizindikiro cha kutha kwa chaka.Ngakhale kuti padziko lonse lapansi anthu amakondwerera Khirisimasi m’njira zosiyanasiyana, tanthauzo lenileni la Khirisimasi ndi kugwirizanitsa mabanja ndi mabwenzi.

Imeneyi ndi nthawi yosiya mikangano ndi nkhawa zanthawi zonse, kumasula katundu ndi kubwerera ku nyumba zanthete kwambiri, kuwerengera nthaŵi zosaiŵalika za chaka, ndi kuyamba kuyembekezera chaka chabwinoko.

Zinthu za Khrisimasi yaku China: kudya maapulo pa Khrisimasi
Zinthu za Khrisimasi yaku China: kudya maapulo pa Khrisimasi

Okondedwa abwenzi
Nyengo ya tchuthi imatipatsa mwayi wapadera wopereka zikomo kwa anzathu, komanso zokhumba zathu zabwino zamtsogolo.

Ndipo kotero izo ziri kuti ife tsopano kusonkhana pamodzi ndi ndikukhumba kwa inu kwambiri Khrisimasi yosangalatsa ndi Chaka chatsopano.Tikukuwonani ngati bwenzi labwino ndikuwonjezera zokhumba zathu za thanzi labwino komanso chisangalalo.

Ndi anthu ngati inu amene amapangitsa kukhala pabizinesi kukhala kosangalatsa chaka chonse.Bizinesi yathu ndi yonyadira kwa ife, ndipo ndi makasitomala ngati inu, timapeza kuti kugwira ntchito tsiku lililonse kumakhala kopindulitsa.
Timakupatsirani magalasi athu.Zikomo kachiwiri chifukwa cha chaka chodabwitsa.
Ine wanu mowona mtima,

Malingaliro a kampani Dongguan Auschalink Fashion Garment Co., Ltd.
Jiaojie South Road, Xiaojie, Humen Town, Dongguan City, Province la Guangdong.

Khrisimasi

Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-14-2022
xuanfu